Lesson 6 of 12

Modal verbs

Basic meanings of kan, må, vil, skal, bør in practical everyday situations.

Lesson goal

In this lesson, you will get acquainted with the main modal verbs at A2 level: kan, må, vil, skal, bør. You will learn to build simple everyday phrases with a modal verb and an infinitive without å.

New vocabulary

  • kan — can, be able to

  • — must, need to

  • vil — want to, intend to

  • skal — be going to, must, will

  • bør — should, ought to

  • å hjelpe — help

  • å vente — wait

  • å betale — pay

Useful phrases

  • Jeg kan hjelpe deg. — I can help you.

  • Du må vente her. — You must wait here.

  • Vi skal betale nå. — We are going to pay now.

  • Hun bør sove mer. — She should sleep more.

  • Jeg vil snakke med deg. — I want to talk to you.

  • Kan du hjelpe meg? — Can you help me?

  • Vi må gå nå. — We need to go now.

  • Skal jeg vente her? — Should I wait here?

Grammar

After the modal verbs kan, må, vil, skal, bør, the next verb is placed in the infinitive without å. This is the main pattern of the lesson: subject + modal verb + infinitive. For example: Jeg kan hjelpe, du må vente, vi skal betale. The modal verb shows the meaning: kan — possibility or ability, — necessity, vil — desire, skal — plan, arrangement or near future, bør — advice. In a question, the modal verb usually comes first: Kan du komme? Negation is placed after the modal verb: Jeg kan ikke komme, du må ikke vente. You should not say kan å hjelpe or må å gå: after a modal verb, the particle å is not used.

Examples

  • Jeg kan hjelpe deg i dag. — I can help you today.

  • Du må vente litt. — You must wait a little.

  • Vi skal betale regningen nå. — We are going to pay the bill now.

  • Hun bør sove mer om natten. — She should sleep more at night.

  • Jeg vil kjøpe mat først. — I want to buy food first.

  • Kan dere komme i morgen? — Can you come tomorrow?

  • Han må jobbe i kveld. — He must work this evening.

  • Skal vi vente på bussen? — Should we wait for the bus?

  • De vil betale med kort. — They want to pay by card.

  • Du bør snakke med læreren. — You should talk to the teacher.

  • Jeg kan ikke hjelpe nå. — I cannot help now.

  • Vi må dra hjem. — We need to go home.