Lesson goal
In this lesson, the student learns to understand basic warnings on the farm and formulate simple safety rules for themselves and their colleagues. The focus is on words about risk and protection, as well as on constructions expressing obligation and prohibition.
New vocabulary
sikkerhet — safety
fare — danger
forsiktig — careful, cautiously
hjelm — helmet
vernestøvler — protective boots
glatt — slippery
brannslukker — fire extinguisher
regel — rule
forbudt — forbidden
ulykke — accident
inngang — entrance
alene — alone
Useful phrases
Du må bruke vernestøvler her. — You must wear protective boots here.
Det er glatt ved inngangen. — It is slippery at the entrance.
Man må ikke gå inn her alene. — One must not go in here alone.
Hvor er brannslukkeren? — Where is the fire extinguisher?
Du må være forsiktig. — You must be careful.
Dette er en viktig regel. — This is an important rule.
Det er forbudt å røyke her. — Smoking is prohibited here.
Er det fare her? — Is there danger here?
Vi må stoppe arbeidet nå. — We must stop the work now.
Ingen må gå inn uten hjelm. — No one may enter without a helmet.
Grammar
This lesson uses the forms må, må ikke, and combinations with negation to express obligation and prohibition. Må means “need to” or “must”: Du må bruke hjelm. — “You must wear a helmet.” Må ikke expresses prohibition: Du må ikke gå inn. — “You must not enter.” In work instructions, man må and man må ikke are often used when the rule applies to everyone: Man må vaske hendene. — “One must wash one’s hands”; Man må ikke kjøre her. — “One must not drive here.” It is important not to confuse them: ikke må is usually not used as the standard form of prohibition in such instructions; for prohibition, the form må ikke is needed.
Examples
Du må bruke hjelm i fjøset. — You must wear a helmet in the cowshed.
Man må ikke gå inn her alene om kvelden. — One must not go in here alone in the evening.
Det er glatt på gulvet. — The floor is slippery.
Hvor er brannslukkeren i denne bygningen? — Where is the fire extinguisher in this building?
Vi må følge alle regler for sikkerhet. — We must follow all safety rules.
Det er forbudt å bruke denne maskinen uten opplæring. — It is forbidden to use this machine without training.
Du må være forsiktig med dyrene. — You must be careful with the animals.
Er det fare for ulykke her? — Is there a risk of an accident here?
Man må ikke stå bak traktoren. — One must not stand behind the tractor.
Ved inngangen må alle bruke vernestøvler. — At the entrance, everyone must wear protective boots.
Hvis det brenner, må du finne brannslukkeren raskt. — If there is a fire, you must find the fire extinguisher quickly.
Dette er ikke bare en regel, men viktig sikkerhet. — This is not just a rule, but important safety.